Keep yourself and your crew safe during fall manure handling!

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a highly toxic gas that can be released from the breakdown of manure in pits, tanks and storages. It is heavier than air and can settle into low spots and accumulate in confined spaces. High concentrations can also be released during manure agitation and pumping.

While H₂S has a characteristic “rotten egg” smell at trace levels, at dangerous and fatal levels it has destroyed the sense of smell. Thus, odor cannot be used to warn of its presence! The following table, adapted from OSHA, shows health effects associated with H₂S concentration.

Ways to stay safe

• Review safety with your crew before, and maintain frequent communication during, each job.
• Use personal H2S gas monitors that detect the presence of H2S and alert the wearer of dangerous concentrations. They can be easily purchased for less than $100.
• Set up and stay up wind of a manure storage during agitation and pump out.
• Never climb inside a pit, tank or enter a confined space containing manure without the proper training and safety equipment.
• Do not try to rescue someone who has collapsed without SCBA training and equipment. Sadly, many fatalities associated with H2S include those who were attempting a rescue without SCBA equipment. Instead, try to use blowers or fans to provide fresh air and exhaust the toxic vapors if you can and call 911.

Additional manure system safety information

Contact: Jason Oliver, Dairy Environmental Systems Engineer, Cornell PRO-DAIRY (jpo53@cornell.edu)